Nothing very fancy about it. Prop goes on shaft, thrust washer goes on the brass hub that sticks out, then drive pin through the brass hub & shaft. If the drive pin would stay in, that would be all it takes to drive the boat. However, the drive pin won’t stay in, so the nut goes on, overlapping the drive pin so it can’t get out. Then the cotter pin to keep the nut from unscrewing.
Ok with all that said, beerman may be right, the hub may be spun part way out of the prop. That is the case if the thrust washer won’t fit between the drive pin and prop.
The reason for the thrust washer and long pin is to keep the prop from spinning right off the hub, unscrewing and taking the nut with it.
I don’t have the picture you are looking for, but here is the anatomy of the prop & hub assy.
